According to the aging mechanism of asphalt, the highly polar oxygen-containing functional groups in the aged asphalt were depolarized by adding triethoxysilane and isocyanate, and then the light components lost in the aging process of asphalt were supplemented by bio-oil regenerator, and the performance of the aged asphalt was restored from the perspective of physical adding and hydrogenation reduction. By testing the influence of of these two different repair methods on the properties of aged asphalt, the performance repair effect was systematically evaluated. Finally, the repair mechanism of aged asphalt was analyzed by means of infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The results show that the appropriate amount of bio-oil has a significant physical blending effect on the aging asphalt, and can effectively reduce the dynamic viscosity of the aging asphalt, but has little effect on the fatigue resistance of the aged asphalt and the adhesion to the aggregate. While hydrogenation reduction can significantly improve the fatigue resistance, low temperature crack resistance and adhesion to aggregates of the aged asphalt by reducing the polarity of aging asphalt.? The main function of physical blending is to "soften" the aged asphalt by adding light components, while the principle of hydrogenation is to reduce the polarity of the aged asphalt molecules. These two methods have completely different repair mechanisms for the aged asphalt properties, but the synergistic effect? on the aged asphalt properties is better.