Under the background of “carbon peak and carbon neutrality”， reducing carbon emissions in the cement industry and achieving large-scale CO₂ sequestration have become an urgent issue. Low-calcium silicate cementitious material， as a new type of CO₂ sequestrating material， possesses advantages such as energy saving， high carbonation reactivity， and stable products， and is considered an effective pathway for the low-carbon transformation of the cement industry. This paper starts with different low-calcium silicate cementitious material systems， systematically summarizes the research progress of the mix proportion， firing system， mineral composition， carbonation and hardening properties of low-calcium silicate minerals. The future research directions of low-calcium silicate cementitious materials were discussed， in order to provide reference for the development of low-calcium silicate cementitious materials.