In the 200 years since the invention of cement， extensive research has been undertaken within the realm of mineral structure regulation and formation of Portland clinker， contributing a wealth of theoretical and practical achievements. The regulatory methods for the crystal structures and hydration activities of clinker minerals， such as alite， belite， and ferrite， the influence of raw material properties， ion substitution and sintering process on the formation of Portland clinker， and the current state of industrial production of Portland clinker were reviewed. The existing deficiency in research was discussed and the directions for future development was proposed aiming to guide the innovative advancement of Portland cement clinker.