化学改性对矿物吸附剂高温特性的影响
作者:
作者单位:

西安建筑科技大学 材料科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710055

作者简介:

朱绘美(1986—),女,山东泰安人,西安建筑科技大学副教授,硕士生导师,博士.E-mail:zhuhuimeitj@163.com

通讯作者:

李 辉(1971—),女,河南三门峡人,西安建筑科技大学教授, 博士生导师,博士.E-mail:sunshine_lihui@126.com

中图分类号:

TU525;

基金项目:

“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3802003);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBGY-498);陕西省教育厅重点研发计划项目(20JS079)


Effect of Chemical Modification on High-Temperature Properties of Mineral Adsorbents
Author:
Affiliation:

College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China

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    摘要:

    改变高岭土中氧化硅、氧化铝和氧化钙的含量,制备了改性矿物吸附剂,分析其在900~1 450 ℃质量、形态及物相的转化规律.结果表明:900 ℃时矿物吸附剂以无定形硅铝酸盐为主;1 200 ℃时无定形硅铝酸盐向莫来石和方石英转变,增加氧化硅含量会抑制其转变,增加氧化铝含量会使其分解出刚玉相,氧化钙则与活性硅铝反应生成钙长石;超过1 200 ℃时,适当增加氧化硅含量可减轻矿物吸附剂的熔融烧结,降低其重金属Pb的挥发率,而增加氧化铝、氧化钙含量分别可消除、加剧矿物吸附剂的熔融烧结,对重金属Pb的挥发率影响不大.

    Abstract:

    Modified mineral adsorbents were prepared by changing the content of silicon oxide, alumina oxide, and calcium oxide in kaolin. The mass, morphology and phase transformation of the modified mineral absorbents were analyzed at 900-1 450 ℃. The results show that amorphous aluminosilicates are the main component of mineral adsorbents at 900 ℃. At 1 200 ℃, amorphous aluminosilicates transform into mullite and cristobalite. Increasing silicon oxide content inhibits this transformation, while increasing alumina content decomposes into corundum phase and improves the chemical stability of the adsorbent. Calcium oxide reacts with active silicon aluminum to form calcium feldspar. When the temperature exceeds 1 200 ℃, an appropriate increase in silicon oxide content can reduce the melting sintering of mineral adsorbents and reduce the release of Pb. However, increasing alumina oxide and calcium oxide contents eliminate and intensify the melting sintering of mineral adsorbents, and has little effect on the release of Pb. The research can provide guidance for improving the solidification of heavy metals in the collaborative disposal of cement kilns.

    表 2 矿物吸附剂的失重率Table 2 Weight loss(by mass) of mineral adsorbents Unit: %
    图1 高岭土的矿物组成Fig.1 Mineral composition of kaolin
    图2 矿物吸附剂的烧失量Fig.2 IL of mineral adsorbents
    图3 不同温度煅烧后矿物吸附剂的外观形态Fig.3 Appearance morphologies of mineral adsorbents after calcination at different temperatures
    图4 矿物吸附剂的TG-DTA曲线Fig.4 TG-DTA curves of mineral adsorbents
    图5 矿物吸附剂的DSC曲线Fig.5 DSC curves of mineral adsorbents
    图6 不同温度煅烧后矿物吸附剂的XRD图谱Fig.6 XRD patterns of mineral adsorbents calcinated under different temperatures
    图7 不同温度煅烧后矿物吸附剂的SEM照片Fig.7 SEM images of mineral adsorbents calcinated under different temperatures
    图8 高温下不同矿物吸附剂中重金属铅的挥发率Fig.8 Release rate of Pb in different mineral adsorbents at high temperatures
    表 1 高岭土的化学组成Table 1 Chemical composition(by mass) of kaolin
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朱绘美,孙晓,马雨晴,李辉.化学改性对矿物吸附剂高温特性的影响[J].建筑材料学报,2024,27(7):604-610

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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-15
  • 最后修改日期:2023-10-30
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-08-09
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