改变高岭土中氧化硅、氧化铝和氧化钙的含量，制备了改性矿物吸附剂，分析其在900~1 450 ℃质量、形态及物相的转化规律.结果表明：900 ℃时矿物吸附剂以无定形硅铝酸盐为主；1 200 ℃时无定形硅铝酸盐向莫来石和方石英转变，增加氧化硅含量会抑制其转变，增加氧化铝含量会使其分解出刚玉相，氧化钙则与活性硅铝反应生成钙长石；超过1 200 ℃时，适当增加氧化硅含量可减轻矿物吸附剂的熔融烧结，降低其重金属Pb的挥发率，而增加氧化铝、氧化钙含量分别可消除、加剧矿物吸附剂的熔融烧结，对重金属Pb的挥发率影响不大.

Modified mineral adsorbents were prepared by changing the content of silicon oxide， alumina oxide， and calcium oxide in kaolin. The mass， morphology and phase transformation of the modified mineral absorbents were analyzed at 900-1 450 ℃. The results show that amorphous aluminosilicates are the main component of mineral adsorbents at 900 ℃. At 1 200 ℃， amorphous aluminosilicates transform into mullite and cristobalite. Increasing silicon oxide content inhibits this transformation， while increasing alumina content decomposes into corundum phase and improves the chemical stability of the adsorbent. Calcium oxide reacts with active silicon aluminum to form calcium feldspar. When the temperature exceeds 1 200 ℃， an appropriate increase in silicon oxide content can reduce the melting sintering of mineral adsorbents and reduce the release of Pb. However， increasing alumina oxide and calcium oxide contents eliminate and intensify the melting sintering of mineral adsorbents， and has little effect on the release of Pb. The research can provide guidance for improving the solidification of heavy metals in the collaborative disposal of cement kilns.

TU525;

“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFB3802003）；陕西省重点研发计划项目（2023-YBGY-498）；陕西省教育厅重点研发计划项目（20JS079）