Based on the existing microbe induced calcium carbonate precipitation technology， a one-dimensional flow grouting model was established by using Matlab. The sand column simulated grouting was analyzed and calculated at the ion level， and the key factor affecting the strength of the sand column was tracked with emphasis on Ca²⁺ ion. The numerical simulation was carried out with a view to further optimize the grouting effect from the theoretical aspect. The results show that the grouting model can flexibly track the change of Ca²⁺ ion content over time and simultaneously detect Ca²⁺ ion content at any position of the sand column. 0.75 mol/L and 1.00 mol/L CaCl₂ source perfusion have better effect. Finally， the validity of the numerical simulation is proved by experiment results， which provides an effective reference and basis for the construction of desert highway roadbed by using high strength materials formed by rapid consolidation of desert sand.