Based on the characteristics of the regional special environment in the Midwest of Inner Mongolia, the high low temperature cycling tests were carried out on the steel structure coating in an experimental system for simulating durability damage of engineering materials under natural environment. The ultraviolet aging tests were also carried out on the steel structure coating in a UV aging test chamber. The influence of special environment on the basic mechanical properties of steel structure coatings was analyzed. The results show that the high low temperature cycling increases the degree of hydrogen bonding and the intermolecular forces of the steel structure coating. Through fifty high low temperature cycles, the hardness of the steel structure coating is increased by 2474%, and the adhesion increases at first and then decreases, reducing overall by 183%. UV aging will lead to the C—N and C—O bond rupture. The hardness of the steel structure coating is reduced by 4437%, and the adhesion is reduced by 227% after 3 years of UV aging.