Using recycled engine oil bottom(REOB) as asphalt rejuvenator, the aging performance was studied from three combinations：REOB, REOB rejuvenated asphalt and REOB rejuvenated asphalt mixture. The change of quality and viscosity of REOB rejuvenated asphalt, RA5 rejuvenated asphalt and matrix asphalt were measured after extended thin film oven tests(TFOT)(aging times were 5, 10, 15, 20, 25h), and the low temperature performance of three aged asphalts was evaluated by bending beam rheological tests. The corresponding three combinations of asphalt mixtures were used to design and pave surface layers of a full scale indoor test road. A self developed rotary accelerated loading test system(RALT) was used to carry out accelerated loading tests at room temperature and high temperature to evaluate the long term fatigue performance of indoor asphalt pavement. The results show that the short term aging resistance(TFOT aging time less than or equal to 10h) of REOB rejuvenated asphalt is better than that of RA5 rejuvenated asphalt but worse than that of matrix asphalt, whereas the long term aging resistance(TFOT aging time greater than or equal to 15h) of REOB rejuvenated asphalt is the worst among the three tested asphalts. After long term aging, REOB rejuvenated asphalt is prone to cracking at low temperatures because of its rapid increase in stiffness and sharp decrease in stress relaxation performance. High temperature aging significantly aggravates the increase of deflection value of REOB rejuvenated asphalt pavement under long term loading of RALT, which makes it most prone to fatigue failure among the three pavements. It is shown that when REOB is used in the rejuvenated asphalt pavement, it will easily cause premature and excessive damage to the pavement.