An alkali corrosion test on basalt fiber was carried out to analyze alkali corrosion mechanism by comparing micro morphology, elemental composition and molecular structure of basalt fiber before and after alkali corrosion. And the alkali corrosion model of basalt fiber in NaOH solution was explored. Then the accelerated aging test and bending test regarding basalt fiber textile reinforced concrete(BFTRC) slabs were conducted to evaluate the strengthening effect of the textile on concrete via aging coefficient(Ac) and enhancement coefficient(Ec). The results show that the alkali resistance of basalt fiber is comparable to that of alkali resistant glass fiber. For basalt fiber after alkali corrosion, the diameter becomes smaller, the typical structure is composed of fiber core, gel layer and deposition layer, and the dissolution kinetics can be expressed by zero order model and contracting cylinder model. The Ac and Ec of flexural strength and energy absorption for BFTRC slabs are decreased with time, and the Ec is greater than 1 In particular, the Ec for energy absorption still amounts to 2900 after aging treatment for 14d. The reduction coefficient of bearing capacity should be considered for the design of BFTRC members because of alkali corrosion of fiber textile in the concrete matrix.