Based on the incremental dynamic analysis （IDA） method， the seismic fragility analysis of high performance fiber reinforced concrete （HPFRC） energy dissipation wall-reinforced concrete （RC） frame structure was carried out by using Perform-3D structural analysis software and 44 seismic records. The results show that the HPFRC material has good tensile strain hardening performance， which can improve the damage resistance and energy dissipation capacity of the structure， and then improve the seismic performance of the whole structure； when the structure collapses， the average response spectral acceleration corresponding to the basic period of the structure calculated by 44 seismic waves is greater than the spectral acceleration corresponding to the basic period of the structure under the rare earthquake with 8 degree fortification intensity， it means that the HPFRC energy dissipation wall-RC frame structure has good anti-collapse ability；under the action of 8 degree rare earthquake， the probability of exceeding collapse of the HPFRC energy dissipation wall-RC frame structure is 0.03%， which meets the requirements of seismic protection of the structure under large earthquake.