The dynamic elastic modulus of epoxy mortar coating, polyurethane coating, polyurea coating and concrete with coating were calculated by using the relative method. The damage evolution law of the damage layer and the internal structure of concrete was analyzed. The results of the relative method were verified by the scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the mercury intrusion test. The results show that effectivness of the frost resistance of the three coatings is in the following order: epoxy mortar coating>polyurethane coating>polyurea coating; the dynamic elastic modulus of the surface layer of concrete members is the lowest, and the freeze thaw damage and erosion are the most serious; the dynamic elastic modulus of the inner layer of concrete members is the highest, which is basically not eroded; the dynamic elastic modulus of damaged layer of concrete members increases from surface to inside and then changes smoothly; the decrease of dynamic modulus of elasticity of concrete members are caused by the increase of the proportion of harmful holes.