Large temperature difference environment in Chinas west region was simulated, the influence of EVA on concrete compressive strength and pore structure under the thermal cooling cycling curing was studied, and the relationship between strength and pore structure change was established. The results show that 8% of EVA decreases the amount of mercury intrusion in the early age, that is, the porosity is reduced and the concrete pore structure is more uniform. With the increase of the times of the thermal cooling cycling, the adhesion between the EVA film structure and the slurry or aggregates will deteriorate, which is manifested by an increase in porosity of 50 to 200nm in the concrete. At the same time, EVA can improve the microstructure，effectively refine the pore size distribution of concrete, and reduce the internal damage rate of concrete so that the strength reduction rate of concrete decreases after thermal cooling cyclings.