Through the semi circular bending test, the five influence factors such as the asphalt type, damage degree, aging degree, healing temperature and healing time were analyzed for the self healing properties of asphalt mixture when the fracture energy density as a healing index. The damage and healing process of the specimens were observed by digital speckle technique.The results indicate that the damage degree has the most significant influence on self healing ability of asphalt mixture. The self healing effect of crumb rubber modified asphalt mixture is the best. The damage degree and aging degree have a negative effect on the self healing ability. When the healing temperature is increased, the self healing ability of asphalt mixture is enhanced. The self healing speed is decreased with the increase of the healing time. The crack self healing rate of the matrix asphalt mixture after short term aging is the highest.