Atomic force microscopy(AFM) and dynamic shear rheometer(DSR) test were utilized to investigate the effect of aging on the micro mechanical properties and rheological properties of SBS modified asphalt and 70# asphalt. It was found that the bee like micro structures appeared in the surface of SBS modified asphalt and 70# asphalt at room temperature. The bee like micro structures gathered after PAV aging, and this phenomenon was more prominent in the surface of 70# asphalt. AFM study shows that the micro mechanical properties of SBS modified asphalt is more stable than that of 70# asphalt. It proves that SBS modified asphalt has better anti aging properties than 70# asphalt from microscopic level, and the DSR test reaches the same conclusion from macro mechanics. The results of linear regression analysis of micro surface Youngs modulus and storage elastic modulus show that they are significantly correlated, it indicates that the Youngs modulus of asphalt micro surface has a direct effect on storage elastic modulus of asphalt.