To calculate the asphalt content in cement emulsified asphalt mortar(CA mortar) under long term operation environment and to analysis the variation of the asphalt components, X ray diffraction(XRD) and thermogravimetry derivative thermogravimetric analysis differential thermal analysis(TG DTG DTA) were used on the powder samples of CA mortar. What more, the thermal analysis curves of CA mortar exposed in the air and nitrogen were compared. The results illustrate that if the tests are performed in the air, the qualitative analysis of the relative content of asphalt components in CA mortar could be achieved with the two components analytical method. A rapid and simple quantitative method to calculate the mass fraction of Ca(OH)2 and asphalt in CA mortar is proposed, which is an innovative application of the flexible internal criterion method based on the TG DTG DTA and XRD data, taking CaCO3 as criterion phase.