In order to accurately predict the impact of waste oil bottom residue(WEOB) on the long term durability of asphalt, WEOB of different contents was added into the straight run asphalt. Different degree aging: rotating thin film oven(RTFO),pressure aging vessel(PAV) and extend pressure aging vessel(Ex PAV) were performed on the asphalt. Double edge notch tensile(DENT) test was used to characterize the ductile fracture performance of asphalt. Performance grade of physically aged asphalt was tested using extended bending beam rheometer(Ex BBR) method. The difference between creep stiffness critical temperatrue and creep rate critical temperature(ΔTc) was used to evaluate the duration of asphalt. Microstructure morphology of asphalts before and after adding WEOB was observed using atomic force microscope(AFM).Test results show that extending the aging time can more clearly identify the adverse effect of WEOB on the low temperature properties of asphalt whereas the conventional aging time does not significantly capture this detrimental effect. Anti ductile fracture performance decreases and physical hardening may occur in asphalt with WEOB. Wax crystal may increase significantly in asphalt with WEOB. Wax crystal and stress concentration caused by the phase boundaries are the main reason leading to decrease of long term low temperature.