In order to predict accurately permanent deformation of asphalt pavement, relying on Shiyan Tianshui Highway of Hanzhong section in Shaanxi,distribution frequency of annual pavement temperature range and axle load level in different temperature range were calculated, which are introduced into the process that is the finite element modeling calculation of partial stress of pavement structure. the deviatoric stress curve increases at first and gradually decay with the increase of depth, the maximum deviator stress appears in the surface layer.Through triaxial repeated load test at different temperature and partial stress, viscoelastic mechanics model of SMA 13, AC 20, ATB 30 three kinds of asphalt mixture were derived, the correlation coefficient is larger than 0.98. A new kind of asphalt pavement permanent deformation prediction method was put forward based on linear superposition theory considering temperature of pavement, pavement depth, loading times, load magnitude, the deviatoric stress of each point in pavement structure and the creep compliance of asphalt mixture. According to the change of load times every year, permanent deformation of surface layer was calculated in those days and were accumulated year after year, Allowable permanent deformation life of Shiyan Tianshui Highway of Hanzhong section in Shaanxi is 13 years that was predicted accurately. The results show that this method can better simulate the actual stress state of pavement structure, and accurately predict allowable permanent deformation life, which provide a reference for permanent deformation prediction of asphalt pavement in the future study.