The influences of the microhardness of cement matrix and aggregate, volume fraction of aggregate on drill grinding resistance and compressive strength were studied, and the main influential parameters on drill grinding resistance of concrete were explored. Mathematical model about drill grinding resistance of concrete was established based on two phase composite theory. The results indicate that linear relationship between drill grinding resistance and compressive strength does not always exist as the microhardness of cement or aggregate and the volume fraction of aggregate change. Microhardness, volume fraction of cement matrix and aggregate are the main influential parameters on drill grinding resistance of concrete. The deviations between the predictions and test results are less than 20%, which verifies the rationality of the drill grinding resistance model of concrete.