The surface of wood/polyethylene composites was coated with isocyanate to improve its adhesion properties. Contact angle test, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and bonding strength test were used to study the effect of surface treatment with isocyanate on the surface properties and bonding properties of wood/polyethylene composites. The results show that, after surface treatment of sanding and isocyanate coating, the surface roughness for the sample increases, and the surface wettability is improved. The results of FTIR and XPS analysis show that the content of oxygen element increases, and the —OH, —CO and —O—C groups are formed on the surface of the treated composites. After surface treatment of sanding and isocyanate coating, the NCOgroup is introduced on the surface of the composites, which would be of great benefit to the adhesion between acrylate adhesive and wood/polyethylene composites, and to the achievement of fast bonding for wood/polyethylene composites.