To investigate the effect of short term aging on rheological property of crumb rubber (CR) and SBS modified asphalt, the short term aging was carried out with a rotating thin film oven (RTFOT). The dynamic shear rheological (DSR) test was performed to measure the pertinent rheological parameters while scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was employed to observe the change in microscopic asphalt internal structure due to short term aging. The results show that before aging, rubber powder and SBS modifier both can well fuse with asphalt, but after aging, interface bonding between SBS modifier and asphalt is worse. For both crumb rubber or SBS modified asphalt, aging caused the transition temperature at which G′ was replaced by G″ to play dominant function shifts towards higher temperature. At high temperatures，short term aging has a greater impact on SBS modified asphalt. Before and after aging, crumb rubber modified asphalt has larger ability to resist deformation and high rut resistance; at high temperatures, both crumb rubber and SBS modified asphalt rut resistance increases with the rise of loading frequency.