Asphalt rubber(AR) and desulfurized rubber asphalt(DRA) were prepared, and rubber particle size effects test, force ductility test and aging test were conducted. The experimental results show that during a high speed shearing process, the large sizes of desulfurized crumb rubber particles are shredded into small ones, and dispersed into the asphalt, but the ordinary crumb rubber almost keeps their particle cores. During the aging process, the asphalt rubber particles have a stronger response to swelling, which will lead to some rheology indicators of AR contrary to that of asphalt aging. This effect is particularly evident in thin film oven test(TFOT) short term aging. Both pavement performance and aging resistance of DRA are better than that of asphalt, but not as good as AR.