To investigate raw material and firing temperature technology characteristic of Qing Dynasty official building glazed tiles, the chemical composition, crystal composition, firing temperature, microstructure and physical properties of the bodies were determined and observed by wavelength dispersive X ray fluorescence spectrometry(WDXRF), X ray diffraction(XRD), thermomechanical analyzer and scanning electron microscope(SEM). Gangue raw materials collected from Beijing Mentougou region were also analyzed and discussed. The results indicate that chemical compositions of official glazed tile body in different period of Qing Dynasty have a little difference. Ancient potters selected gangue from different place, different stratum or applied different ratio of gangue in Mentougou region purposefully to make glazed tile body according to their physical chemical properties. Refractoriness of Qing Dynasty glazed tile bodies decreases gradually and firing temperature keeps similar, indicating that glazed tile bodies of late Qing Dynasty had higher sintering degree, better physical properties and denser microstructure.