The deformation and damage of bituminous mixture with different air voids were investigated.The test results indicate that the relationship between the indirect tensile stiffness modulus(ITSM) and stress level is linear under the air void of 1.5%,2.5% and 4.5%(by volume),and the mixtures are in the stage of elastic deformation.The relationship between the ITSM and stress level is non-linear under air void of 8.0%,10.0% and 12.0%(by volume).Moreover,turning points are found on the curves of stress level versus ITSM and the mixtures aren't in the stage of elastic deformation.The mixtures with different air voids represent different deformation stages due to different interface structures resulted from different compaction condition.The indirect tensile strength tests show that the air voids affect the cohesion between aggregates and asphalt remarkably.The damage pictures show that the fracture of mixtures with 1.5%,2.5% and 4.5% air void occur with breakage of aggregates whereas mixtures with 8.0%,10.0% and(12.0%) air void is damaged with the parting of interface between aggregate and binder.