Main factors influencing concrete adiabatic temperature rise are discussed theoretically. The influences of initial casting temperature, superplasticizer and fly ash on the adiabatic temperature rise and the temperature rise rate of concrete were studied. Elevating the initial casting temperature of concrete accelerates the hydration of binder and shortens the continuance of hydration, but shows little effect on the hydration degree of binder used in the concretes with low strength grade, therefore no effect on their adiabatic temperature rise. The hydration degree of binder used in the concretes with high strength grade, as well as their adiabatic temperature rise decrease significantly due to elevation of their initial casting temperature. Addition of fly ash or modification of concrete workability with superplasticizer affects the adiabatic temperature rise and the temperature rising rate of concrete.