To study the influence of rubber on the fracture properties of self-compacting concrete, the three-point bending fracture tests of self-compacting concrete with four different rubber contents(0, 10 %, 20%, 30%) were carried out by applying acoustic emission(AE) technology in this paper. Based on the test results, the curve of P-CMOD, fracture energy and the characteristic parameters of acoustic emission were obtained. The influence of rubber content on the boundary effect was analyzed by drawing the relation curves of load, cumulative counts, cumulative hits and time. The width of the fracture process zone was obtained by the source location methods of AE. The fracture mode of specimen was analyzed by calculating the values of RA and AF. The results showed that with the increase of rubber content, the ductility and toughness of self-compacting concrete were improved , while the AE characteristics were as follows: the length of the boundary area and the signal activity decreased, while the width of the fracture process zone and the ratio of tensile crack increased. The energy absorption and diffusion effect of rubber particles played an important role in improving the fracture properties of rubber self-compacting concrete.