| 摘要: |
| 水泥工业是仅次于钢铁的第2大碳排放行业，对实现“双碳”目标影响重大.生命周期评价（LCA）可以定量评估水泥生命周期内的环境负荷.阐述了LCA方法评估水泥综合环境负荷的研究现状，系统阐释了该方法的4个重要步骤：目标和范围的确定（功能单位和系统边界）、清单分析（输入数据、输出数据、分配方式）、影响评价（影响分类、特征化、归一化）及生命周期解释；综合分析了使用替代性燃料和原料、生产工艺改造、碳捕集技术及发展低碳胶凝材料等低环境负荷措施，探讨了环境负荷与水泥性能的协同优化；指出了LCA方法的局限性及未来发展方向. |
| 关键词: 综合环境负荷 生命周期评价(LCA) 水泥 节能减碳 协同优化 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-9629.2023.06.012 |
| 分类号:TU525.9 |
| 基金项目:“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFB3802001）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（52178241）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项（22120220599） |
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| Life Cycle Assessment of Cement and Its Research Progress in Low Environmental Load |
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GUO Xiaolu1,2, LI Yinxue2, YUAN Shuting2
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1.Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education， Tongji University， Shanghai 201804， China;2.School of Materials Science and Engineering， Tongji University， Shanghai 201804， China
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| Abstract: |
| Cement industry is the largest carbon emission industry next to steel. It has a significant impact on the realization of the “dual carbon” goal. Life cycle assessment （LCA） is a tool for quantitative analysis of environmental load of cement throughout its life cycle. The current status of the research on the use of LCA to evaluate the integrated environmental load of cement was reviewed. Four critical steps of the LCA method were systematically described， including the goal and scope definition （functional unit and system boundary）， inventory analysis （input data， output data and allocation method）， impact assessment （classification， characterization and normalization） and life cycle interpretation. The improvement measures for low environmental load， such as using alternative fuels and alternative materials， transformation of production process， carbon capture technology and development of low-carbon cementitious materials were comprehensively analyzed. The cooperative optimization of environmental load and cement performance as well as its existing limitations were discussed. The future research direction were proposed. |
| Key words: integrated environmental load life cycle assessment（LCA） cement energy conservation and emisson reduction cooperative optimization |
